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5.1 Acids, Bases and Salts
An ionic compound is formed between a metal and a non-metal ion, and all ionic compounds fall into one of three categories: acids, bases or salts. Each group has their own properties that are common to all members of the category. However, acid and bases can also be of varying strengths, so while all acids are corrosive, some are very strongly corrosive while others are very mild. Today you will find out about these different ionic compounds, some of their properties and a little bit about their chemical formulas
Things you should know after today:
- properties of acids, bases and salts
- identify an acid, base or salt by looking at it's chemical formula
- what is an indicator?
- how can salts be produced in reactions where acids are one of the reactants?
Resources:
- Notes done in class
Assignment:
- Acid Base Worksheet (due at end of class)
- Workbook p91-92
| File | Description | File size |
|---|---|---|
 5.1.notes.v2015.pdf | 603 kB | |
 AcidBaseWorksheet.doc | 28 kB |
5.2 Acid and Base Strengths
As part of your digestive process, your stomach is flooded with some hydrochloric acid when you eat a cheeseburger (or any other food, for that matter). There is some muscle action churning the food, and other chemicals added, but the hydrochloric acid is so strong that it can, over time, still do a pretty good job of breaking down food.
Wait, the formula for hydrochloric acid is HCl, which we would have called "hydrogen chloride". How come it has another name? Acids have common names. One of the things that we will do today is see how to find the common names of acids.
This video shows how hydrochloric acid can change a cheeseburger over time. If you were to put a cheeseburger into acetic acid (vinegar), it would not break down to the same extent, because hydrochloric acid is a much stronger acid. Find out today how the strengths of acids and bases are measured, and how we can use indicators to help us determine if something is an acid or base, and how strong the acid or base is.
Things you should know after today:
- what is the pH scale
- what measurements on the pH scale correspond to acid, base and neutral
- what does 1 unit on the pH scale mean?
- how are H+ and OH- ion concentrations related to pH?
- What are indicators
- How can you use indicators to determine pH
- How to find the common name for an acid
Resources:
- Notes
Assignment:
- Workbook p84-85
- Workbook p87-88
- Worksheet
| File | Description | File size |
|---|---|---|
| 5.2. notes.pdf | 400 kB | |
| 5.2.notes.v2015.pdf | 287 kB |
Acid Base Lab
Today you will be doing an investigation to see how pH indicators behave in the presence of an acid or a base. You will then test 6 unknown compounds to see if you can determine whether the unknown is an acid or a base.
| File | Description | File size |
|---|---|---|
| Sc10 Acid-Base Lab.doc | 43 kB |
Acid Strengths & Organic Compounds
Resources
- Notes done in class
Assignment
- Workbook p85-86, p93-94
- Workbook READ p95-97
- Workbook p98-99
| File | Description | File size |
|---|---|---|
| 5.2. notes.pdf | 400 kB |
Workbook Answers
Check your answers if you were unable to do so in class.
| File | Description | File size |
|---|---|---|
| workbook.answers.pdf | 690 kB |
Ch5 Review
There will be a short quiz for this section for which you are required to know the following:
- properties of acids
- properties of bases
- naming common acids from the formula
- writing the formula if you know the common name of the acid
- pH scales
- what indicators are
- How oxides (metals and non-metals) are related to acids and bases
- What organic compounds are
The answers to the review sheet are included below:
| File | Description | File size |
|---|---|---|
| 5.review.answers.pdf | 110 kB |